Kumkap along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. Istanbul has more than 93 colleges and universities,[298] with 400,000 students[299] enrolled in 2016. Chestnut, oak, elm, linden, ash and locust comprises the most prominent tree genera. [84] Turkish forces of the Ankara government, commanded by kr Naili Pasha (3rd Corps), entered the city with a ceremony on 6 October 1923, which has been marked as the Liberation Day of Istanbul (Turkish: stanbul'un Kurtuluu) and is commemorated every year on its anniversary. The obelisk that would become the Obelisk of Theodosius remained in Alexandria until 390 CE, when Theodosius I (r. 379395 CE) had it transported to Constantinople and put up on the spina of the Hippodrome there. [306], In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. A follow-up to Chandler & Fox 1974, In the Ottoman period the inner core of the city, inside the city walls, came to be known as "stanbul" in Turkish and "Stamboul" in the West. 11431180). In 2016, the airport served over 83 million passengers. Altay, Volkan; Ouml, Brahim Lker; zyiit; Yarci, Celal (31 January 2010). [27][26][28][29] The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE,[30] On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE. The Istanbul Shopping Fest is an annual shopping festival held since 2011, and Teknofest is an annual festival of aviation, aerospace and technology, held since 2018. [15], Shipping is a significant part of the city's economy, with 73.9 percent of exports and 92.7 percent of imports in 2018 executed by sea. The Bosporus, providing the only passage from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean, is the world's busiest and narrowest strait used for international navigation, with more than 200 million tons of oil passing through it each year. Web14.9 million. [365] Apart from the wild land mammals Istanbul hosts a sizeable stray animal population. There are 13.4 million people living in the city, while London has only 8.1 million people (Versus par. These costs include accommodation (assuming double occupancy, so the traveler is sharing the room), food, transportation, and entertainment. [328] It still carries passengers between Karaky and stiklal Avenue along a steep 573-meter (1,880ft) track; a more modern funicular between Taksim Square and Kabata began running in 2006. [352] The IATA airport code IST was also transferred to the new airport. [26] The oldest known human settlement on the Asian side is the Fikirtepe Mound near Kadky, with relics dating to c. 5500-3500 BCE (Chalcolithic period). [372], Algal blooms and red tides were reported in Sea of Marmara and Bosporus (especially in Golden Horn), and regularly happen in urban lakes such as Lake Bykekmece and Kkekmece. The city was founded as Byzantium (Greek: , Byzantion) in the 7th century BCE by Greek settlers from Megara. [44], Constantine the Great effectively became the emperor of the whole of the Roman Empire in September 324. [191][201], Into the 19th century, the Christians of Istanbul tended to be either Greek Orthodox, members of the Armenian Apostolic Church or Catholic Levantines. [70] There was a huge new palace to rival, if not overshadow, the old one, a new covered market (still standing as the Grand Bazaar), porticoes, pavilions, walkways, as well as more than a dozen new mosques. The deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915 was among the major events which marked the start of the Armenian genocide during WWI. WebWith a total population of around fifteen million residents in its metropolitan area, Istanbul is one of the world's largest cities by population, standing as the world's fifteenth-largest WebIt offers 109% more cargo space. Byzantium 404 BC196 CE DO NOT look at the Amazon size chart. The city stands on the River Thames in the south-east of Please check the MYS SIZE TABLE in the description carefully to avoid waste of time and money on returns. Sephardic Jews settled in the city after their expulsion from Spain and Portugal in 1492 and 1497. [88] The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. [187][188], According to 2020 TK data around 2.1 million people in a population of over 15.4 million have been registered[g] in Istanbul, meanwhile the vast majority of the residents ultimately originate from Anatolian provinces, especially those in the Black Sea, Central and Eastern Anatolia regions due to internal migration since the 1950s. [306][310] Postal services remain under the purview of what is now the Post and Telegraph Organization (retaining the acronym PTT). Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. [303], The Silahtaraa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. [176] Ali Yerlikaya has been the Governor of Istanbul Province since 26 October 2018. [297], In 2015, more than 57,000 students attended 7,934 schools,[298] including the renowned Galatasaray High School, Kabata Erkek Lisesi, and Istanbul Lisesi. The average after-tax salary is enough to cover living expenses for 0.5 months in Istanbul compared to 1 months in Konya. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of Izmir and Ankara. [209] They continue to live in Istanbul (mostly in Karaky, Beyolu and Nianta), and Izmir (mostly in Karyaka, Bornova and Buca). [304][305] Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. Cities - Size Explorer - Compare the world Welcome to Size - Explorer The Modern art museums, including stanbul State Art and Sculpture Museum, National Palaces Painting Museum, stanbul Modern, the Pera Museum, Sakp Sabanc Museum, Arter and SantralIstanbul, opened in the 2000s to complement the exhibition spaces and auction houses that have already contributed to the cosmopolitan nature of the city. More arrivals per year shows how important the city is viewed internationally, and may indicate better infrastructure, such as airports, public transport, The city's largest private universities include Sabanc University, with its main campus in Tuzla, Ko University in Saryer, zyein niversitesi near Altunizade. [282][283] It also hosted the Turkish Motorcycle Grand Prix between 2005 and 2007. 1C higher average maximum temperature? WebWith a total population of around fifteen million residents in its metropolitan area, Istanbul is one of the world's largest cities by population, standing as the world's fifteenth-largest [191], Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, but it has become more homogenized since the end of the Ottoman era. [26] It is the oldest known human settlement on the European side of the city. Around 90% of Istanbul's population are Sunni Muslims and Alevism forms the second biggest religious group. ^ Where governor's office is located. ^ Istanbul straddles both Europe and Asia, with its commercial and historical centre and two-thirds of the population in Europe, the rest in Asia. Since Istanbul is a transcontinental city, Moscow is the largest city entirely within Europe. [202] Greeks and Armenians form the largest Christian population in the city. The Hagia Sophia, topped by a dome 31 meters (102ft) in diameter over a square space defined by four arches, is the pinnacle of Byzantine architecture. [90] The fault caused the earthquakes in 1766 and 1894. [56] They established the Latin Empire in place of the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. ; to palaces like the Great Palace of Constantinople and its Mosaic Museum, the Palace of the Porphyrogenitus, Boukoleon Palace and Palace of Blachernae; and other public places and buildings like the Hippodrome, the Augustaion, the Basilica Cistern, Theodosius Cistern, Cistern of Philoxenos and Cistern of the Hebdomon, the Aqueduct of Valens, the Prison of Anemas, the Walls of Constantinople and the Porta Aurea (Golden Gate), among numerous others. Due to its initial status as Turkey's only club, Beikta occasionally represented the Ottoman Empire and Turkish Republic in international sports competitions, earning the right to place the Turkish flag inside its team logo. The feral cats in the city have gained widespread media and public attention and are considered to be symbols of the city. [69] Mehmed II turned the ramshackle old town into something that looked like an imperial capital. [310] Today, mobile and landline service is provided by private companies, after Trk Telekom, which split from the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone in 1995, was privatized in 2005. [89], Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey and straddles the straitBosporus, which provides the only passage from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean via the Sea of Marmara. WebIstanbul (Turkey) is 1.31 times as big as London (UK) Jacksonville, Florida (US) is 1.44 times as big as London (UK) Jakarta (Indonesia) is 0.42 times as big as London (UK) Karachi (Pakistan) is 2.40 times as big as London (UK) Kiev (Ukraine) is 0.53 times as big as London (UK) Lo Manthang (Nepal) is 1.28 times as big as London (UK) [174], With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. [23] In modern Turkish, the name is written as stanbul, with a dotted , as the Turkish alphabet distinguishes between a dotted and dotless I. In: Edhem, Eldem. [148] The Roman emperor Constantius II (r. 337361 CE) had it and another obelisk transported along the River Nile to Alexandria for commemorating his ventennalia or 20 years on the throne in 357. [319] In 2011, the first and second bridges on the Bosphorus carried 400,000 vehicles each day. They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. [191], Arabs form the city's other largest ethnic minority, with an estimated population of more than 2 million. [18] Modern excavations have raised the possibility that the name Byzantium might reflect the sites of native Thracian settlements that preceded the fully-fledged town. [107] The lowest recorded temperature was 16.1C (3F) on 9 February 1929. [43] Five years later, Severus began to rebuild Byzantium, and the city regainedand, by some accounts, surpassedits previous prosperity. A married women is also registered to her husband's province. Although the real population of Moscow is subject to debate, it may be closer to 15 mil. [71] Those rich enough to have secluded country properties had a chance of escaping the periodic epidemics of sickness that blighted Istanbul. [47], The establishment of Constantinople was one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and Christianity. [90] The threat of major earthquakes plays a large role in the city's infrastructure development, with over 500,000[90] vulnerable buildings demolished and replaced since 2012. WebIstanbul Airport Transfer / Private Airport Transfer: $3.73 Istanbul Airports Transfer: $6.22 istanbul airport cheapest vip transfer by private car: $14 Safe Airport transfer service in istanbul: $16 Private Airport Transfer Arrival or Departure in Istanbul: $17 The presence of feral cats in Istanbul (Turkish: sokak kedisi) is noted to be very prevalent, with estimates ranging from a hundred thousand to over a million stray cats. The Fourth Crusade was diverted from its purpose in 1204, and the city was sacked and pillaged by the crusaders. Since Istanbul is a transcontinental city. It is also larger in size and has a lower population density, although the overall population of Istanbul is significantly higher than that of London. [346][347][348] Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. [320] The O-7[321] or Kuzey Marmara Otoyolu, is a motorway that bypass Istanbul to the north. Webistanbul size comparison. Istanbul became one of the world's most important Jewish centers in the 16th and 17th century. [15] Historically, the city has been ideally situated for trade and defense: The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Golden Horn provide both ideal defense against enemy attack and a natural toll-gate. 2.23M. [295] Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. [77] The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire. [315], Istanbul's motorways network are the O-1, O-2, O-3, O-4 and O-7. [211] By 1711, using the printing press, books came to be published in Spanish and Ladino, Yiddish, and Hebrew. [158] Topkap Palace became public property following the abolition of monarchy in 1922. [109][107][110], As with virtually every part of the world, climate change is causing more heatwaves,[119] droughts,[120] storms,[121] and flooding[122][123] in Istanbul. Istanbul was occasionally a venue of the F1 Powerboat World Championship, with the last race on the Bosporus strait on 1213 August 2000. Istanbul's weather is strongly influenced by the Sea of Marmara to the south, and the Black Sea to the north. [256][257] Some other neighborhoods around stiklal Avenue have been revamped to cater to Beyolu's nightlife, with formerly commercial streets now lined with pubs, cafes, and restaurants playing live music. 16.1C vs 14.2C 73.89% lower [223] Istanbul's productivity is 110 percent higher than the national average. [234] The new national government established programs that served to orient Turks toward musical traditions, especially those originating in Europe, but musical institutions and visits by foreign classical artists were primarily centered in the new capital. [144] The AKP government's decision to replace Taksim Gezi Park with a replica of the Ottoman era Taksim Military Barracks (which was transformed into the Taksim Stadium in 1921, before being demolished in 1940 for building Gezi Park) sparked a series of nationwide protests in 2013 covering a wide range of issues. [298], Public universities with a major presence in the city, such as Istanbul University, Istanbul Technical University (the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering, established in 1773), and Boazii University (formerly the higher education section of Robert College until 1971) provide education in English as the primary foreign language, while the primary foreign language of education at Galatasaray University is French (as is the case at Galatasaray High School). ", "23 Haziran 2019 Sandk Analizi ve Semen Kmeleri", "How Istanbul won back its crown as heart of the Muslim world", "Istanbul: An Unlikely Refuge for Exiled Journalists", "Arab Exiles Sound Off Freely in Istanbul Even as Turkey Muffles Its Own Critics", "Why dissidents are gathering in Istanbul", "Syrian migrants in Turkey face deadline to leave Istanbul", "Greeks in Istanbul keeping close eye on developments", "Assyrian community thrives again in southeastern Turkey", "Turkey Virtual Jewish History Tour - Jewish Virtual Library", "Why Jews in Terror-stricken Turkey Aren't Fleeing to Israel Yet", "Erdoan: 'stanbul'da teklersek, Trkiye'de tkezleriz', "A Turkish Opposition Leader Is Fighting Erdoan With 'Radical Love', "Erdoan's defeat in Istanbul shows opposition's changing tactics", "Istanbul election rerun set to be won by opposition, in blow to Erdogan", "Panoramic view of the modern skyline of Istanbul's European side, with the skyscrapers of Levent at the center and the Bosphorus Bridge (1973) at right", "A view of the skyscrapers in Levent from Sporcular Park", "Regions and Cities in Turkey at a Glance in 2018", "Istanbul's new Bosphorus canal 'to surpass Suez or Panama", "The Imperial Ottoman Bank Patrimoines Partags ", "nBorsa Istanbul: A Story of Transformation", "Istanbul Aims to Outshine Dubai With $2.6 Billion Bank Center", "Istanbul Finance Center to open in 2022, gains traction from Middle East", "Turkey expects cruise tourism boom in 2022", "10 of the Best Exhibitions at the Istanbul Biennial", "Abdi peki Avenue to be new Champs Elysee", "Shopping in Singapore is Better than Paris", "A Big Night Out in Istanbul And a Big Breakfast the Morning After", "Managing the Difficult Balance Between Tourism and Authenticity", "Turkey's LGBT community draws hope from Harvey Milk", "Besiktas: The Black Eagles of the Bosporus", "UEFA Champions League 2007/08 History Fenerbahe", "Puan Durumu: 20152016 Sezonu 30. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. [185] This growth was fueled by internal and international migration. [84] On 29 October 1923 the Grand National Assembly of Turkey declared the establishment of the Turkish Republic, with Ankara as its capital. [42] Byzantium's decision to side with the Roman usurper Pescennius Niger against Emperor Septimius Severus cost it dearly; by the time it surrendered at the end of 195 CE, two years of siege had left the city devastated. [311][needs update] Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. [338][339] With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. Small settlements adjacent to major population centers in Turkey, including Istanbul, were merged into their respective primary cities during the early 1980s, resulting in metropolitan municipalities. [228], Istanbul has been an international banking hub since the 1980s,[15] and is home to the only active stock exchange in Turkey, Borsa Istanbul, which was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. [h], The Sinan Erdem Dome, among the largest indoor arenas in Europe, hosted the final of the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships, as well as the 201112 Euroleague and 201617 EuroLeague Final Fours.
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